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22  -   


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4.          .

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           : 

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                2010      7 (  )     (). 

                      ,       ,      ,          . 

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  : 
    (),        --  1992        1993 ,                    . 193        .        ,      ,     ,    ,  ,   ,               ,     , , ,    .    ,     ,         ,      ,      .       156    .          . 

  .   www.cbd.int 

   
  .   www.cbd.int/idb 
     : http://www.cbd.int/idb/2010/messages/ 
         : 
http://www.cbd.int/doc/bioday/2010/idb-2010-booklet-en.pdf 
http://www.cbd.int/doc/bioday/2010/idb-2010-booklet-fr.pdf 
http://www.cbd.int/doc/bioday/2010/idb-2010-booklet-es.pdf 
 : http://www.cbd.int/idb/2010/celebrations/ 

2010 -    
  .   www.cbd.int/2010  www.facebook.com/iyb2010 

: http://www.cbd.int/doc/press/2010/pr-2010-05-22-idb-ru.pdf

*   *   *   *   *   *   *

      

    Science   ,              2010    .

       ,      ,   .

  2010         2002 ,   ,     "" .

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 ,  --   

: BBC Russian, 30  2010 ., http://www.bbc.co.uk/russian/science/2010/04/100430_nature_targets_notmet.shtml

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     3
     

 2002             2010 .         ,    ,   ,  , ,      .  ,   ,   ,    ,     ,      .

   ,     ,     .       ,        ,         .           .         ,      .

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 , ,     .                        .            ,         ,      ,         .                .

  
    

  "     3"   : http://www.biodiversity.ru/kompanien/2010_biodiversity/publications.html

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(  )

   ,           ,           -  ,   ,     . ,          .             .       "-"  ,     .            ,     .                  .           ,         .       ,        .

    

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     [1].         40%   (Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005),          (Foley et al., 2005).       .           ,    13 .    (, 2008),           -      [2] (Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005).        10-100        (Montgomery, 2007).   40          ,    ,       ,   ,    .       ,   .  ,      ,   ,      ,      .

                (-, , 2008).            ,     (Jackson et al., 2001),   2025 .         (Global environment outlook 4, 2007).         "" ,      .  ,        (-, 2007).      ,       ( ,  )     ( , 2008; Water, a shared responsibility, 2006).         [3].

     ,  80%   ,        (World Energy Outlook, 2008).           ,       2   .  ,    ,   2  (       "  "),     ,   2050 .         ,      (Meinshausen et al., 2009).

   ,   ,    .            .        ,        .   ,          ,      ,    ,     ,         .       .                          (Humanitarian implications..., 2008).      (Battisti, Naylor, 2009)     (Climate change and water, 2008)                .

          XX .                      .    :

*  1960  2000     -  3  6 .  (Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005),  2009 .   6,8 . (  ..., 2009);

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*     1965 .  2007   2,9  (BP workbook);

*  1960  2000 .       ,       4 ;  1950 .  5 .    15 ,     45 .,     2    (-, , 2008);

*  1960 .            ,   ;      , ,   1913 .,    1985 . (Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005);

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 ,                            (Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005).  ,        ,               .     "Global Footprint Network",  "  "[4]             30% ( , 2008).

  

                    : 

*   ,          -     ,        ;

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           (. 1),           ,     63.8%  ,       (    ) (-  ., 2005).              20  75%  (Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005).    ,   ,       ,       (. 1).

     ,     .      -    (http://www.economy.gov.ru),  15 %     ,  35% -   (. 2).        ,        -   .

       (Global Biodiversity Outlook 2, 2006; Millennium ecosystem assessment, 2005; Global Environment Outlook 4, 2007)          -           . 

 1600     1000    .   ,         40 .      40% (http://www.iucnredlist.org/static/stats).       414     ( ..., 2001), 652  , 24  [5]. 

          (   , ,  ),        ,         (, ,  )             . , ,        -                 ,        XX .

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      -   ,          .       ,     .     -            80- .,           .    -            ,         (. 4) (Dgebuadze et al., 2008).

-                 "" -        ,          . 

             .              ,      ,  .   -  -    (  ., 2008) ,           1965-1973 .  ,   (" "),       .             .  ,                  ,         (.5).

:
.1.      (     Millennium ecosystem assessment (2005)   Global Land Cover 2000.      : 1 -   ( ,   ,      ); 2 -   (,  ); 3 -  (    ), 4 - - (  -   ); 5 -  (  ).
. 2.         (   www.biodat.ru)
.3.  "  "  1970  2005 . ( , 2008). 
. 4.             .             (Dgebuadze et al., 2008).
. 5.      (  ., 2008).

:
1 -      -      ,              .    ,       .
2 -          5,7 .    (Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005).
3 -       -   . 2008 (http://www.economy.gov.ru).
4 -   -    ,                .
5 -     "25"  2005 289 "   ()   ,             ".

 ..,  ..,  ..

(          - www.biodiversity.ru)

:    
   . ., 2009. C. 5-69. 


*   *   *   *   *   *   *

( - . 2010, N 168) 
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       : lawbull@biodiversity.ru
       .
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